| 词汇 | example_english_market-oriented |
| 释义 | Examples of market-orientedThese examples are from corpora and from sources on the web. Any opinions in the examples do not represent the opinion of the Cambridge Dictionary editors or of Cambridge University Press or its licensors. These principal crafts produced market-oriented commodities that were not exclusively directed to local family use. Even if market-oriented policies enjoy initial popular backing, such support is likely to be eroded over time in the face of unemployment and income gaps. Successive governments (usually from the technocratic ministries) announced plans to push for market-oriented changes. Yet the specific effects of market-oriented reforms have been relatively modest and, on the whole, tended to enhance state authority rather than market forces. However, the authors also stress the limitations of the market-oriented model that all five republics are trying to emulate. It has often produced alarmist scenarios to support social policy solutions which withdraw the state from social provision in favour of market-oriented responses. The impact of malapportionment on the capacities of new democratic regimes to sustain painful, market-oriented economic policy reforms also poses intriguing questions. Rapid increases in real costs, for example, suggest strong demands on existing resources and pressures for increased market-oriented production. Furthermore, the social depth of market-oriented farming can only be estimated rather than actually measured. On another front, we have noted a slow emergence of a market-oriented civil service despite retrenchments. Consequently, market-oriented reforms will lead to relative decline in power and privileges for redistributive cadres. Neoliberal economists came to dominate the highest economic policy-making positions in both countries and promoted sweeping market-oriented reforms. In many places, subsistence systems are evolving towards high-productivity (market-oriented) systems + partly as a response to a changing balance between urban and agricultural populations. Indeed, in many countries big business proved supportive of market-oriented reforms and became a key partner in the governing coalition. This applies to, for example, the development from subsistence agriculture to commercial, market-oriented farming. Within the national government, capital market-oriented reforms lacked political champions willing to marshal the necessary political support for consistent and coherent reform efforts. However, the beneficiaries of market-oriented policies have credited their implementation to the preceding military regime. The old economic regime represented a more centralized and planned economy, while the current one is becoming more decentralized and market-oriented. The market-oriented colonial state did this through auction of the seized cattle rather than through loans to clients or retaining them for further redistribution. They are expected to be less able to develop the institutional cohesion and consistency necessary to follow through on implementing market-oriented changes over time. The rest 7 per cent constituted mostly immigrants and the landless who concentrate on market-oriented crop production. They devised a methodology based on gross flows and were able to show that financing patterns are different in bank- and market-oriented financial systems. Efficiency conditions (7) and (8) offer guidance for using market-oriented tools to achieve efficient provisions of correlated externalities. The framework endeavours to 'collectivise' risks in an emerging market-oriented economy. These examples are from corpora and from sources on the web. Any opinions in the examples do not represent the opinion of the Cambridge Dictionary editors or of Cambridge University Press or its licensors. |
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