词汇 | example_english_legitimacy |
释义 | Examples of legitimacyThese examples are from corpora and from sources on the web. Any opinions in the examples do not represent the opinion of the Cambridge Dictionary editors or of Cambridge University Press or its licensors. As these patterns penetrate individual lives, they are expressed in localized form, establishing new values and new legitimacies. The legitimacy of this procedure was identified by a range of tests. One problem that had to be solved was the determination of the legitimacy or illegitimacy of foundlings. They determine the conditions of legitimacy of the authority and the limits of its rightful power. First, it may appear as if the legitimacy of an authority rests on its greater expertise. In this competition for legitimacy, secular regimes had no alternative to offer. Every case of sickness or misfortune is claimed by him as a judgement against the upstarts who dare to challenge the legitimacy of his rule. The primary objective of this movement seems to have been oriented towards the dynastic legitimacy of the high priesthood. If the host government appears to lose authority, or the legitimacy of its authority, over its civil society, the firm's security will be at risk. They gave power and legitimacy to those workers who, like us, were pushing our respective organizations to take issues of oppression and disadvantage seriously. Leaders on both sides of the political fence recognized that national legitimacy had to be won to ensure the health of the new federal union. What is successfully presented for consumption by outsiders also redefines the parameters of legitimacy and authenticity for indigenous audiences. Legitimacy of the correction lies in actually demonstrating the error. As restraints were placed on the self-governance of physicians, the legitimacy of internal norms for guiding healthcare choices was itself brought into question. We have, if one likes, two legitimacies that are in conflict. From the Hansard archive Example from the Hansard archive. Contains Parliamentary information licensed under the Open Parliament Licence v3.0 The dualism built into the state by colonial rule left post-colonial governments to face alternative sources of power and legitimacy. The perceived legitimacy of this representation, ironically, depended on the official recognition of the colonial state. In this imagining, democratic state-building derived legitimacy from its theoretical antithesis: personal power derived from a personal crime. The process of collective learning described in the previous section restored the legitimacy of democratic institutions. On the other hand, when an institution fails to make correct or appropriate classifications, the very legitimacy of the institution is at stake. Under authoritarian regimes, where economic performance is central to political legitimacy, such action may have an immediate political impact, which strengthens labour's political leverage. As the government needs policy legitimacy this led to re-considering objectives by government committees and incremental changes. The result was therefore not necessarily that government became more democratic or representative, but that its claim to legitimacy arouse from a democratic discourse. Legitimacy of birth became more and not less important during the imperial period as a marker of status with real life consequences. Answers to all of these questions, and to many more, would be necessary parts of a theory of the legitimacy of democratic authorities. Examples include their competing treatments of rationality, their understandings of the autonomy of the political agent, or the legitimacy of democratic institutions. The economic collapse exposed the frailty of a political system which had lacked legitimacy even during the preceding brief period of relative stability. Low levels of legitimacy, in turn, increase the cost of governing. They endlessly debated the legitimacy of one act of "interference" or another. The existence of multiple oracular sources of legitimacy meant that a claim of divine right could always be challenged. Finally, movements of legitimacy and political support have gone in both directions. In other words, incremental efforts to escape the legitimacy trap may only exacerbate it. An increase in one organization will hardly affect the organizational form's level of legitimacy. Democratic legitimacy, in this sense, has to be earned. Instead, he elected to demonstrate the legitimacy and importance of his discovery through the interest it provoked among powerful state officials. Claims to assistance, or for the expansion of opportunity, acquire a new legitimacy once the poor are in work. The exaggeratedly individualist and voluntarist character of such a theory would deprive every existing polity of its legitimacy. The racially exclusive nature of the business community, historically at least, continues to affect its broader political legitimacy and policy profile. However, judicial review is likely to possess less legitimacy than a political process. Analysing legitimacy politics combines insights from ' cultural politics ' and ' political process ' schools of social movement studies. They did so because both appreciated the dependence of political legitimacy on aesthetic and cultural authority. The full legitimacy of democracy is not widely endorsed. Instead, to observe legitimacy requires an 'objection precondition'. Thus, legitimacy is an empirical concept referring to patterns of beliefs among the mass public. Furthermore, in several member states, the national high courts have no surplus of legitimacy either. One is that it affects the regime's legitimacy. Consent may explain the origins of political legitimacy. Therefore, the models include measures of deterrence as well as legitimacy and trust, in addition to control demographic variables. Such actions, in turn, contributed to an increasing popular legitimacy that further bolstered the institution's political standing. The local authority input was understood to be important in terms of both revenue funding and legitimacy. The legitimacy of this approach as history is open to doubt. A procedural theory of legitimacy assesses how the directives an authority issues are arrived at. I offer two important clarifications regarding the connection among persuasion, responsiveness, and political legitimacy. Authority refers to the rightful exercise of power with the claim to be obeyed and relates to the legitimacy of a government branch. Finally, in addition to reducing transaction costs, institutions establish the legitimacy and accountability of policy-makers. Even more, participants made deliberate reference to their own (purported) political loyalties to strengthen the legitimacy of their actions. The state had to determine the legitimacy of the competing claims of lighthouse owners, pensioners, and shipowners to the property of the tolls. Communism in this period was not just international but anti-national in ethos and its notions of loyalty and legitimacy acknowledged no ties of place. They seem to be hesitant to disturb a political equilibrium built on the exchange of subsidies for political legitimacy. Lack of legitimacy could explain some of the patterns observed in this paper. Secondly, privatisation of water delivery undermines the legitimacy of the state, since it entails a transfer of a public good to the private domain. If their goal is to deny legitimacy to those in power, they can possibly succeed. At this point the gemstones become part of the ' recorded' international economy and obtain legitimacy as a commodity. Fourth, due to the non-physical nature of status and legitimacy, the latter are susceptible to acts of contagious magic. My point is that in these cases, the master's legitimacy becomes a resource to which access is limited. He recognizes, indeed, creates, their legitimacy as bearers of the tradition. Only a few of the colonial chiefs thus created had been powerful men before ; their legitimacy was limited. The election results, in other words, became the chief criterion for determining the legitimacy of representation. The ideas introduced in this early stage, efficiency on the practical level and moral considerations on the rhetorical level, were subsequently important for institutional legitimacy. In the making of monetary policy, economists have technical expertise but politicians claim electoral legitimacy. The links between policy integration, categorization and legitimacy can also be seen in relation to the outcomes of these processes. Established incoherencies and inconsistencies may in this way be reduced or eliminated, which in turn may strengthen the policy legitimacy. Governments should recognise they need to control the key resource of finance if political legitimacy and authority are shared or transferred. The legitimacy of a court is also grounded in its claim to serve as the independent voice of the law. A legitimacy crisis occurs when people lose confidence in the old regime. The first context is one of current legitimacy. In the final analysis, the question is about a politically negotiated institution whose legitimacy depends on the agreement between the various stakeholders. They theorise that compliance can be motivated by habit, coercion and cost-benefit calculations in addition to, or instead of, legitimacy. Additionally, participation might lead to a more suitable constitutional content, which would then engender legitimacy. With the regime's popularity and legitimacy discredited by these events, it sought ways to find a new source of legitimacy. The two purposes - change and confirmation - confer legitimacy on the government and make its decisions acceptable to the electorate. Do the marginalised accord less legitimacy to state and government institutions than the precarious and integrated? A legitimacy scale (1-5) was constructed, with 1 being an indication of extremely low legitimacy and 5 an indication of high legitimacy. State and society have been debilitated by the former's lack of legitimacy and by cumulative onslaughts on the economy and societal integrity. Here again, we can investigate the legitimacy of the state through a consideration of changes in rural markets. Like the state, organised criminals use violence to impose order and work with civic leaders to establish their legitimacy. Traffickers use networks to build legitimacy in the communities in which they operate. The normal justification thesis fails as a test for the legitimacy of political authorities because it fails to account for the procedural dimension of legitimacy. More often than not, damage-control treatment was applied to documents that contained the material detrimental to the legitimacy of the emperor or the regime. The phenotypic level has a causal efficacy and explanatory legitimacy of its own, even if the phenotype is determined by the genotype (among other things). Despite moving towards ever greater legitimacy, the university struggled to establish itself. However, the image of pioneers carving out a legitimacy in a new land is apt for the philosophers who take up residency in medical schools. There are many memories that people may not want; who will decide legitimacy, and by what standards? The crisis of legitimacy had a determining influence on the formulation of the problem of reform in the late nineteenth century. In another kind of response, the crisis of legitimacy, emerging from the lack of legal status of sambandham, constituted the very ground for concern. The translation has value and authority because its writers and translators possess legitimacy as figures of proven power and wisdom. The importance of voice for the legitimacy of social structures of constraint privileges democratic deliberation over evaluation as contained in market processes. Today this act is remembered as a ' betrayal ' that called into question the legitimacy of the matrilineal system of labor and inheritance. These examples are from corpora and from sources on the web. Any opinions in the examples do not represent the opinion of the Cambridge Dictionary editors or of Cambridge University Press or its licensors. |
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