Examples of infectious

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However, it is widely held that when ingested with food the infectious dose may be reduced by at least 1000-fold.
All infectious particles rain down equally (whatever their source) on all susceptibles.
Consequently, infectious disease studies can be greatly affected by selection bias related to the hosts harboring the pathogens under study.
Variations in immune response to an infectious agent are often associated with age and polymorphism of the major histocompatibility complex.
Infectious disease epidemiologists will also benefit, though they will need to be willing to tolerate a fair amount of mathematical reasoning.
In these studies ' single hit ' models were used to calculate the probability that a single infectious unit would initiate an infection.
Therefore, these associations offer some support for an infectious aetiology.
The force of infection is a valuable measure of the transmission potential of an infectious agent.
Counting process models for infectious disease data : distinguishing exposure to infection from susceptibility.
Numerically the probability one infectious piglet will leave the farrowing room, given one infectious sow entering, is 0n03.
After passing through a latent, noninfectious phase of 7 days, the infected individual becomes infectious.
The success of efforts over the last century to combat infectious diseases has almost doubled average life expectancy in the western world.
Such a strategy might slow down the spatial spread of infectious disease but it is unlikely to prevent disease from spreading throughout the country.
By epidemiological analysis, white-radish sprouts supplied from a single farm were suspected as the source of the infectious agent in the outbreak [2-4].
The relative importance of different relations to the spread of infectious diseases is likely to vary throughout the farming year.
Such production systems are expected to limit exchange of infectious agents.
We thus hypothesize that infectious contacts are more frequent within than between groups.
Emerging infectious diseases of wildlife : threats to biodiversity and human health.
All animals that were infected were assumed to be infectious.
High shedding is associated with piglets being infectious [12].
Although zoster is thought to be less infectious than varicella, the contribution zoster makes to the overall force of varicella infection remains uncertain.
On the basis of our data, an infectious herd caused 0.6 new cases of infection in a completely susceptible population.
Most hospitalizations and deaths were found for the rather non-specific code 558 (other non-infectious gastroenteritis and colitis).
Therefore, low-density populations should be less subject to infection by a host-specific infectious disease agent.
Interspersed with his infectious humour, his musings were a literal godsend to an eager if inexperienced doctoral student.
Predictors of fatigue following the onset of infectious mononucleosis.
Predictions and associations of fatigue syndromes and mood disorders that occur after infectious mononucleosis.
His time of infection correlates with the time of contact with the neighbour's sewage, and the time when the neighbour was infectious.
Drinking water and infectious disease : establishing the links.
Presumptive non-infectious cases were studied by the same methodology to exclude any possibility of infectious aetiology.
Collectively, this primary healthcare system focuses on preventing infectious disease and on treating acute and chronic disease.
The disorders range from chromosomal to neurocutaneous disorders and metabolic and infectious diseases.
The force of infection is the rate at which susceptible individuals acquire infection and is a parameter reflecting the contagiousness of an infectious agent.
In this study application, the average length of the infectious period was set at 11 years.
A rise in infectious pressure may also result from risk factors inherent in differing management routines in herds of differing size.
Although traditionally managed by gastroenterologists and hepatologists, other physicians, such as internists and infectious disease specialists, have assumed a significant proportion of this patient burden.
Keeping the herds healthy and alert: implications of predator control for infectious disease.
Three participants thought difficulties with child care arrangements were important to the decision, increasing the desire to avoid infectious childhood illnesses.
Predicting the impact of infectious diseases on the well-being of the community is a cornerstone of identifying effective prevention, control and support.
Viral vectors for gene therapy : the art of turning infectious agents into vehicles of therapeutics.
The greater population density also changes the nature of possible host-parasite relationships and therefore patterns of infectious disease.
Mathematical approaches for emerging and reemerging infectious diseases, vol. 126.
The author argued that as the whaling ship was a closed community of approximately 300 men, this was suggestive of an infectious aetiology.
The probability that more than 10 horses will become infectious drops from 0n12 before vaccination to 0n03 after vaccination.
Considering the large number of bacilli in multibacillary patients, it is likely that they are infectious long before they are diagnosed [11].
Delinquency may be an infectious disease picked up at school; a national survey would never tell us that.
The emphasis is directed towards the estimation of the effect of risk factors on the presence of infectious diseases.
Humans suffering from infectious diseases also report malaise and difficulties with concentration.
However, concerns about its microbiological safety still exist, with notable milkborne outbreaks of infectious intestinal disease occurring both at home and abroad in recent years.
In three patients no infectious focus could be found, but blood cultures were positive.
Most residents also reported symptoms indicating exposure to infectious micro-organisms or microbial products (endotoxins).
The timely use of automated diagnosis information, especially with cluster detection algorithms, may be a valuable resource for supplementing current infectious disease surveillance systems.
The patient reported a prior history of infectious mononucleosis at age 18 and was a non-smoker and consumed alcohol infrequently.
To drive out a sick individual is sometimes advantageous, because the sickness may be infectious.
A person known to have an infectious disease is usually nursed in an isolation cubicle; and barrier nursing is another means of isolation.
The factors that affected mortality were more complex in the twentieth century but the decline was still dominated by a decline of infectious disease.
Economic costs are also often ignored in infectious disease models, even though imposing these additional constraints could alter conclusions.
In low-income countries in particular, a vicious cycle sets in: infectious disease leads to poverty, which increases the risk for disease.
Using a dynamic model of the optimal control of an infectious disease, we derive the conditions under which eradication will be optimal.
In contrast, reducing fragmentation can increase the number of infectious contacts - both among endangered species and also with host reservoirs such as domestic livestock.
The annual death toll from infectious diseases is now more than 17 million.
Moreover, infectious diseases, such as tuberculosis, affect the size of the labour force and the productive capacity of the economy.
Infectious diseases and development are negatively correlated: higher income is associated with lower incidence of diseases.
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