| 词汇 | example_english_infant |
| 释义 | Examples of infantThese examples are from corpora and from sources on the web. Any opinions in the examples do not represent the opinion of the Cambridge Dictionary editors or of Cambridge University Press or its licensors. To understand what causes development in infants, we must be able to link the emerging behaviour to the unfolding of the underlying biological structures. No attempt to break infant's fixation on the correct well or to prevent position cueing. First, recent developmental research provides some insights into the process of acquisition of reach in infants. However, the proportion of such infants varies from 32% to 61% depending on the criteria used to define their hand-use preference. The infants are actually assigning the sounds of speech to categories that have or will come to have linguistic significance. I first describe evidence from the perception of speech by infants during the first year of life. Another 39 infants made up the control group. However, this speech register is not limited to use with infants, for whom these attentional biases have been demonstrated. The results of this first experiment demonstrate that there were no observed differences in discrimination between the monolingual and bilingual infants. The literature on the phonetic development of infants being raised in bilingual environments is generally sparse. In their study, 4-month-old infants did not distinguish between coincident and noncoincident speech. In particular, very few adult ages are given during the 1730s and 1740s, in contrast to the burials of infants and children. Our initial attempt at venous access is via the umbilical vein in infants presenting in the first week of life. An associated congenital noncardiac anomaly was identified in 5 patients (3 first seen as infants). Symptoms, such as congestive heart failure and cyanosis are more frequently observed in infants than in children, and arrhythmias are less frequent during childhood. Neonatal heart transplantation may, therefore, prove to be the only option for infants with unguarded tricuspid orifice. Incondusion, cardiopulmonary bypass operations widi aprotinin in infants and children are followed by activated coagulation and fibrinolysis. As health care reform takes place, physicians will be challenged to devise cost effective plans for management of this large group of affected infants. We do not believe that these infants should be rescued at all costs. From a medicolegal aspect, many people argue that, when there is doubt, infants should be resuscitated. Can caregivers withdraw or withhold care from infants when death is inevitable or a severe disability is likely? Further investigation of the use of sedation and analgesia for dying infants is needed. Of 38 premature infants, 28 had respiratory disorders such as respiratory distress syndrome or meconium aspiration syndrome. Supraventricular tachycardia in newborn infants: an approach to therapy. The differences in the care provided for preterm infants and those with cardiac malformations can be seen in the pattern of hospitalization. We performed intraoperative stenting of congenital pulmonary venous stenoses in two infants with initial clinical and hemodynamic improvement. The significance ofthese data is that abnormalities in lymphocyte populations and subsets are strong predictors of nonsurvivability in infants with neural crest cardiovascular defects. In the remaining children, the reason for cardiac consultation was minimal patency of the arterial duct in 13 small infants, and chest pain in 10. On the basis of these findings, we discuss whether infants with ventricular septal defect do or do not have left ventricular diastolic dysfunction. From a practical point of view, we have found few patients in whom these data cannot be obtained, although infants may require mild sedation. Long-term antiarrhythmic therapy was given to three of the four infants. All infants tolerated the increase in left ventricular pressure work well. The recent introduction of balloon angioplasty provides yet another palliative option for young symptomatic infants presenting prior to the optimal age for primary repair. Maturational differences underscore the observation that human infants are relatively "fetal" compared with other mammalian young. Unexplained hypertension following bypass deserves aggressive evaluation for renal etiologies in newborns and infants. The developing physiology of newborns and infants can be profoundly affected by cardiopulmonary bypass. In general, newborns and infants have a diminished ability to excrete ions as well as an impaired ability to reabsorb them. Cardiac performance in infants referred for extracorporeal membrane oxygenation. Undoubtedly, arrest will continue to be beneficial in the repair of complex malformations in neonates and infants. In summary, bypass using low flow or circulatory arrest is essential for the successful repair of complex congenital heart defects in neonates and young infants. The effect of altering pump flow rate on cerebral blood flow and cerebral metabolism in neonates, infants and children. Deep hypothermic arrest is used in very small infants where arterial and venous cannulas would cause significant obstructive of the operative field. Choreoathetosis in infants following cardiac surgery with deep hypothermia and circulatory arrest. All were infants (age three to six months, median 4.5 months). Gastrointestinal malformations led to neonatal intestinal obstruction in four infants. He also refers to evidence from research with infants from 3 to 4 months of age. With further development, two or more action schemes may be combined, resulting in more objectivity or separateness from the infant's own action. Another factor was whether infants were delivered by doctors or midwives. There were no infants or people too old to work to act as a brake on the creation of wealth. Both their first wives died in childbirth, as did the infants. Thus, the issue is not whether infants are learning true language at 9 months but whether the social environment is important for later language. In addition to influencing language development, the social/linguistic interactions of caregivers and infants foster cognitive advances in the child. Furthermore, caregivers may provide this "multimodal motherese" at the times when infants are most dependent upon intersensory input. Affricate productions were infrequent throughout the study for all infants. Regular contact with parents was established when the infants were 6 months of age. However, in the same study, this early positive component did not distinguish between infants' viewing of two negative emotions, anger and fear. An infant's attachment to its caregiver becomes organized from the age of approximately 6 months. Disorganized attachment behavior among infants born subsequent to stillbirth. 364 may temporarily become frightened and spontaneously behave in ways that frighten their infants. In each episode, the infant's behavior is rated along six dimensions using 7-point scales. Asymmetrical brain activity discriminates between positive and negative affective stimuli in human infants. Previous studies of the third generation focused mainly on children and infants. Their study represents the first documented relationship between disorganized behavior in the lab and infants' interactive behavior with their parent at home. Our preliminary data suggest that premature infants who receive indomethacin may have a higher early closure rate than those who do not. In addition to timing of placement, we expected foster parents' state of mind regarding attachment to affect foster infants' security of attachment. The two primary testers examined 67% of the infants. While few infants present with left bundle branch block, the outcomes suggest that this is highly predictive for poor prognosis. When undertaking balloon dilation for pulmonary stenosis, 42% mentioned the possibility of surgery when treating infants, and 38% when treating older children. In human preterm infants, however, left ventricular contractile state has not been studied. The median age was 3 days (range 1 day-4 months) with 13 infants under 1 month of age. Of the 223 infants, 54% were male, 45% were firstborn, and 13% were born more than 2 weeks prematurely. Early in life knowledge of facial expressions may provide infants and toddlers with sufficient information for positive interpersonal encounters. Are the relations between these characteristics and fear more pronounced in infants high in negative emotionality in the first months? Subjects were 101 healthy firstborn infants and their primary caregivers. In view of the small numbers of infants tested, this finding should be regarded as preliminary. We also evaluated maternal intrusive insensitivity toward the infants in semistructured play. Only one of the 23 infants classified as secure, but 57% of the 21 infants classified as insecure, showed signs of conflict. Other theorists do not directly hypothesize about the development of joint attention in blind infants. The infants' actions done to objects at the request of an adult were varied. However, blind infants' dependency on others for instigating joint attention does not indicate passivity in their involvement in joint attention. The initial indication of blind infants' awareness of their ecological self is their reaching for objects on external cues. Visual proprioceptive control of standing in human infants. Exposure to faces is a reliable experience for most human infants and likely facilitates the development of a neural system specialized for faces. Additionally, some infants with inaccurate gestational ages may remain in the dataset despite trimming, which would tend to inflate values for percentiles above the median. In fact, from birth onwards, infants begin to extract and analyze information about the world around them. Experience, however, allows the infants to select what it is going to ingest and with whom it will interact. There is controversy in infants about the validity of tests to measure airway obstruction. Several groups have studied pulmonary function in infants with bronchiolitis, with varying results. Antioxidant capacity in preterm infants is also compromised by relative deficiencies of selenium and taurine, as well as reduced ability to synthesize sufficient glutathione. Parental consent could not be obtained for 8, so 16 infants constituted the control group. However, by 11 - 12 months infants were successful at the task. Initially, they vocalize in distress, but increasingly, over the first year of life, infants vocalize in times of comfort. At this point, infants develop the ability to chop up the smooth flow of voice into syllable-like pulses. The next question was how human infants would behave in a task known to be sensitive to frontal cortex damage in monkeys. Like other modal action patterns, the infant's phonetic action patterns are relatively fixed. In infants under 5 weeks of age, glucose uptake was highest in sensorimotor cortex, thalamus, brainstem and the cerebellar vermis. Vocal turn taking thus gives the superficial appearance of a conversation, even though the infant's own vocalizations are devoid of linguistic content. These examples are from corpora and from sources on the web. Any opinions in the examples do not represent the opinion of the Cambridge Dictionary editors or of Cambridge University Press or its licensors. |
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