| 词汇 | example_english_income |
| 释义 | Examples of incomeThese examples are from corpora and from sources on the web. Any opinions in the examples do not represent the opinion of the Cambridge Dictionary editors or of Cambridge University Press or its licensors. A 50 % fall in green cob maize price reduced net incomes by more than 63 % in all the treatments. The transition was primarily facilitated by the conjunction of difficulty in obtaining natural ingredients, declining incomes and tightened credit. From 1973 to 1994 per capita incomes declined and this economic deterioration played a major role in bringing political change. State interventions, especially those affecting the marketing system, served not only to boost farmers' incomes but also to protect them against risk. How do these incomes compare to those examined by other historians? However, per capita incomes among wage-earning femaleheaded households are nearly identical to incomes among wageearning male-headed households. In the data, entrepreneurial incomes also decline for both participants and nonparticipants for the first decade. Differences in permanent incomes across agent types occur whenever 1 = 2 so that the frequency of being highly productive varies across agent types. However, there were proportionately more participants with incomes between $30,000 and $60,000 than those with incomes below $30,000 when compared to the general population. The paper then looks within the pensioner population at the incomes of different groups of older people. In the original treadmill theory, farmers adopt new technologies to drive down their cost of production and improve their incomes. Also, with organic production, payrolls and proprietor incomes were higher. Patients with higher incomes influence total costs to a greater degree than patients with lower incomes. Salaries are low, forcing doctors (mostly in ambulatory care) to seek (often unorthodox) ways to supplement their incomes. Business users are a mix of commuters and city users, with speci®c consumption (and business) needs and often with high disposable incomes. Moreover, of the thirty new jurisdictions created after 1950, only one exhibited a heterogenous mix of incomes. They therefore have good economic reason to resist universal government health insurance even when its short-run effect may be a rise in their incomes. The opening of international markets led to greater competition, which combined with the high inflation led to dramatically decreased real incomes in agriculture. Because of these small cell sizes, our analysis of duration effects focused on incomes and employment in the early years of a disability spell. In the rural and informal sectors, increased expenditures on education, health and better food require higher incomes. Net incomes of the biomass treatments were substantially reduced by the labour costs for pruning and incorporation of the biomass. Others offered insurance-based pre-payment 'provident' arrangements to those on higher incomes, a development which coincided with the growth in private pay-beds. The links that joined men to women, cash to care, incomes to carers have all been fractured. The improvement in working people's incomes was matched by a gradual decline in the degree of impoverishment amongst the retired population. Disposable incomes were still too small and the power of young people, particularly young girls, too weak to trigger a decisive confrontation between generations. All of the targeted voucher plans reduce the mean incomes of those in the public school by more than even the largest full voucher. They were free to choose their occupation as well as the disposition of their incomes. Coincidentally with rising mass incomes came first radio and then television. My starting point for this article was the evidence of 'stalled well-being', despite rising personal and national incomes in the affluent countries. Openness to international trade raises incomes of the poor by raising overall incomes. Table 7a reconfirms our previous findings: participation in retraining courses indeed contributed to an increase in immigrants' occupational status, salaries and incomes. Policies to bring equal rights to pension and benefit incomes in households could contribute to gender equality. Since information about incomes was not available, level of education became a surrogate. We could simply say that individuals should receive incomes in strict proportion to the value of their respective productive contributions. Higher incomes may affect attitudes towards educating women as well as the demand women express for education. With this in mind, the effect on incomes would need to be presented in a way that is easy to understand. Additionally, offsetting of profits between time periods does not subsidize farmers who regularly produce very high incomes from organic farming with little fluctuation. Consistent with our results, cash-out rates were lower for workers with larger retirement savings and higher incomes. Even tenant farmers often worked in the cane field and at the mills during harvest to supplement their incomes. The government's reconsideration of incomes, employment and profits, released at the end of 1990, professed a more open strategy on competition, remuneration and private accumulation. Young agents have higher permanent incomes than old agents because the young will enjoy the benefits of future economic growth whereas the old will not. In fact, expenditure on consumption depends on wealth, that is, on the path of all future incomes and not only on present ones. Instead, i they are lumped together with "other incomes," including any capital and rental incomes that are reported in the survey. He receives labor and capital incomes and allocates them to current consumption and savings. Even when farmers are willing to pay for a better service, their contribution is limited by their incomes. A closer inspection of regions with high and low per capita incomes provides some useful information. From 1963 to 1968, the building programmes slowed and less new private housing was available, particularly for those with lower incomes. The results of the simulated biographies emphasise the problems that these developments will cause for those with below-average lifetime incomes. In other words, individuals who have received below-average lifetime incomes suffer a higher risk of exclusion from occupational schemes than those on higher wages. As material and caring resources were to be analysed, the survey was designed to incorporate a range of incomes to capture differences in leisure patterns. None limits benefits to those with low incomes. Their low incomes could be ameliorated by public assistance or family support, but both are also 'burdens ' on the next cohort. They allow the children's families to reduce their spending and so to survive on low incomes. Wives made active claims on their incomes for domestic maintenance, so that such contributions came to be seen as less and less discretionary. Multiple roles may nevertheless influence psychological distress among particular subgroups, for example those with scarce resources such as lone parents or those on low incomes. Secondly, there was no need to introduce the current higher support for earners of higher incomes. Also, this research highlights the effect of nation-specific institutional structures on the capacity of the state to redistribute incomes. To that effect, incomes policy in the market sector had to result in moderation. To confound issues further, the ' incomes ' being pursued are apparently not entirely material, but include psychic ones as well. There may have been economic decline in the area, but economic liberalisation has turned that around and raised incomes. The women eke out vital family living incomes through subsistence farming, fishing, petty trading and activities in the informal sector. The decline in output and incomes has meant the accentuation of poverty and hardship. They have immensely to gain from an incomes policy and it shouldn't be difficult to persuade them. Without effective vessel resale markets or decommissioning grants fishing incomes can fall to very low levels before participants leave the fishery. Protests usually sought to maximise incomes or to control the work environment. Rather, two admittedly different incomes are equal for one purpose and different for another. At both institutions, there was a group of decidedly not 'well off ' students, with low incomes and low previous qualifications. At just £8,000, the range between the highest and lowest reported annual household incomes was smaller for this group than for any other. Their personal incomes are about $4,000 lower, while their family incomes are about $5,000 lower than the comparison group. The highest levels of housing wealth and of financial wealth among older people will be found generally among those with the highest incomes. Coupled with increasing rent levels and cut-backs in housing benefit, the low incomes of many older people have created a serious affordability problem. To provide services for people with low incomes, a lowering of service standards would be required to match assistance to the price they could pay. Risks remain from reduced availabilities of surpluses if world prices rise as a result of growing populations, rising incomes elsewhere and perhaps bio-energy cropping. Next, the resulting impacts on household food security, farmers' incomes and livelihoods are discussed. Wages and other incomes from labour may be reduced. Free-falling primary product prices severely affected the incomes of those countries that depended on agricultural output. All countries fall within the group of those having low incomes as defined for the purposes of this analysis. Subsisting on incomes around $100 or $200 per person per year, the poorer half of humankind is highly exposed to lifethreatening deprivations. When it finally decided to introduce a growthinhibiting incomes policy to restrain inflation, it foundered in the 1978-9 'winter of discontent'. In addition, notarial records and a relatively unusual specification of proto-industrial household incomes dating from 1711 have been used. Activity on land markets may thus partly reflect accumulation strategies of households intending to raise their incomes through an increase in their land-labour ratio. Similarly, there was no sizeable difference between the incomes of a domestic weaver and a domestic servant. A complete restructuring of the pension system to produce adequate citizen incomes for all, would be one approach to transformation. From this perspective, third agers are simply those retired people (typically men) who have greater wealth and larger incomes. The standard deviation indicates the variability in this statistic, such that some respondents have above-median incomes and others are below. Moreover, unlike the financial and judicial institutions, an intendancy did not produce a direct flow of incomes to individuals. The entire range of urban incomes, broken down by source and size, would thus be the best basis for the necessary weighting. Agriculture has been run on a semi-feudal basis; per capita incomes are among the lowest; social provisions are few. The employers acknowledged that if over a period profits should rise more than incomes, the balance should be redressed by taxation policy. At the same time a tax allowance in respect of children of married taxpayers whose annual incomes were less than £500 was introduced. People are poverty-stricken when their incomes, even if adequate for survival, fall markedly below those of the community. Common factors were widespread education, rising incomes, sanitary reform, and effective government. The simplest explanations for these changes can be framed in terms of relative prices and real incomes. Quite apart from changes in prices and incomes, changes in tastes and the availability of new goods explain some consumption trends. Early on, at least in aggregate, there is no doubt that working-class incomes rose swiftly. Since he wrote, the widening gap between agricultural and non-agricultural incomes has been a recurring theme. The median household incomes of the three communities according to the 1990 census were $36,590, $43,490, and $60,566. Not only would this help to curb overfishing and boost fishermen's incomes. Welfare-equivalent and wealthequivalent incomes at least have the virtue of being defined in reference to the actual consumption path. The increases in employment and hence fishers' incomes, shown in columns to, in comparison to column, range from 15 per cent to 43 per cent. These examples are from corpora and from sources on the web. Any opinions in the examples do not represent the opinion of the Cambridge Dictionary editors or of Cambridge University Press or its licensors. |
反思网英语在线翻译词典收录了377474条英语词汇在线翻译词条，基本涵盖了全部常用英语词汇的中英文双语翻译及用法，是英语学习的有利工具。