| 词汇 | example_english_immune-response |
| 释义 | Examples of immune responseThese examples are from corpora and from sources on the web. Any opinions in the examples do not represent the opinion of the Cambridge Dictionary editors or of Cambridge University Press or its licensors. This may have been caused by the cub cohort's nutritionallyimpaired ability to mount an effective immuneresponse against the parasitosis. The instructive role of innate immunity in the acquired immuneresponse. This provides an excellent opportunity to investigate the relationship between the outcome of an infection and the immuneresponse. Separating the effects of intraspecific competition for resources from those of the host immune response is essential to understand nematode epidemiology. Results also demonstrate that these molecules regulate snail cell spreading, an integral factor of the host immuneresponse against the parasite. If specific acquired immunity is involved, then the inference is that this stage, not the skin stage, is the target of the immuneresponse. The immuneresponse to helminth infection in trypanosome-infected animals. Parasites are, therefore, affected when they themselves, or other organisms, interact with the immuneresponse and, in particular, the cytokine network. If two parasite species share antigens, a specific immuneresponse elicited by one may be effective against the second. Using two-dimensional gel electrophoresis to study immuneresponse against intracellular bacterial infection. All infection parameters investigated were affected by the host immuneresponse. Unfortunately, the nature of a lizard's immuneresponse to malaria infection is completely unknown. In the absence of externally applied drug treatment the other major selection pressure acting on intestinal worms is the host's immuneresponse. The interactions between pollutant, immuneresponse and parasite are, therefore, very complex. Such ability is most likely mediated by parasite-host incompatibility, the general expression of antibacterial or detoxifying factors, and/or an inducible immuneresponse. The rate of superparasitism was independent of host density and could be a countermeasure to overcome the immuneresponse of the host. Various mechanisms can help tumour cells to survive the host antitumour immuneresponse and metastasise. Other approaches to modulation of the host immuneresponse include strategies to offset or moderate the physiological effects of disease. The immuneresponse would be the generation of antitrophoblast antibodies. The immuneresponse to any invading microorganism can be divided into innate and adaptive immunity. Dependence of the adaptive immuneresponse on innate immunity : some questions answered but new paradoxes emerge. Summarizing an immuneresponse in one variable allows quantitative comparisons among immune responses, across hosts and across infections. The immuneresponse mounted by fish hosts is unspecific and essentially limited to the formation of a haemocyte capsule around the worm's proboscis. Variations in immuneresponse to an infectious agent are often associated with age and polymorphism of the major histocompatibility complex. In vivo, this would aid the survival of the parasite because host factors, such as bile and the immuneresponse, will induce further disruption. Expression of a protective intestinal immuneresponse can be inhibited at three distinct sites by treatment with anti-4 integrin. The intestinal response to infection is complex and characterized by changes in mucosal architecture, cell populations, fluid secretion, and generation of an immuneresponse. The effects of the host immuneresponse on the intestinal position of parasitic females are broadly analogous to the effect on worm size. Effects of solar radiation and feeding time on behavior, immuneresponse and production of lactating ewes under high ambient temperature. The major challenge in the development of antischistosome vaccines is to use defined antigens to stimulate an appropriate immuneresponse that leads to resistance. For this reason, parasites have developed sophisticated self-regulating mechanisms to evade the immuneresponse and to avoid being destroyed by the host. A subunit vaccine consists of a part of the virus, typically a protein capable of generating a protective immuneresponse in immunised persons. However, during a successful pregnancy in chronically infected mice a significant alteration of the maternal immuneresponse was not observed. Moreover, the successful development and long-term survival of cysticerci in mice may also be related to the immuneresponse. This dichotomy is reflected in the immuneresponse of these mice. However, it is unclear whether the acquired immuneresponse will display the same role in helminth infections of humans. In addition, the duration of the immuneresponse in the absence of viral challenge is not known in donkeys. It is believed that the immuneresponse to one or more viral proteins is responsible for both viral clearance and liver injury during infection. Given ' local ' (single-infection) immuneresponse optima from the empirical database, the model proposes a ' global ' optimization scheme for the case of concomitant infection. The two types of immuneresponse are considered in separate models. This means that if one clone provokes an immuneresponse, it could adversely affect another. However, this diversity has not been related to strain specificity and the possibility that this could influence the nature of the immuneresponse. This forms an adhesion junction that is strong enough to maintain cell-cell contact for a sufficient period to trigger an immuneresponse. In several livers, eggs were encapsulated while individual worms were clean, indicating an immuneresponse to eggs and not to worms. Thus, different groups are working on the development of carrier-based vaccination strategy in order to promote the optimal immuneresponse. However, the host immuneresponse seems to be induced for clearance of the parasite-infected cells. Prophylactic antiviral or antibiotic treatment may be considered during pregnancy for women with cytokine polymorphisms capable of altering the immuneresponse to infection. In scenario 2, an immuneresponse resolves the infection and there is an increase in the transmission window. A comparison of the immuneresponse of a 2001 commercial broiler with a 1957 randombred broiler strain when fed representative 1957 and 2001 broiler diets. They normally dampen some aspects of our mucosal immuneresponse. These findings strengthen the concept of different activation c l u s t e r s being formed as part of the innate immuneresponse. Variation in the immuneresponse to the virus might also be important. However, understanding of the development of genetic differences in the immuneresponse to nematode infections is incomplete. Any theory of dreaming that does not explain it is like a theory of the immune system that gives no account of the immuneresponse. Relation of chronic disease and immuneresponse to influenza vaccine in the elderly. Hosts might be expected to differentiate between infecting parasites (in terms of, say, pathogenicity) in determining the level of immuneresponse to each. One possibility for the lack of an immuneresponse would be that it is too costly. Relationship between the immuneresponse of sheep and the population dynamics of bacteria isolated from fleecerot lesions. I fail to see how any doubt can remain about the role of the immuneresponse. This has been done in hopes of increasing our understanding of the host's immuneresponse to infection. The value of the kinetic parameter, regarded as a phenomenological constant of the host immuneresponse, depends on the degree of infection. It was suggested that low concentrations of heavy metals might be beneficial to the immuneresponse by increasing the activity of enzymes. Thus, within the infected host, the balance between multiple signals shapes the quality of the adaptive immuneresponse (fig. 1). Local and systemic immuneresponse to a microencapsulated sub-unit vaccine for plague. Another group of immunomodulatory proteins of interest are those connected to the effector arm of the immuneresponse. The ability to quickly and accurately identify and dispatch cellular sources of foreign proteins is one of the central features of the adaptive immuneresponse. However, in recent years increasing evidence has emerged indicating that components of the immuneresponse also play a vital role in myelin repair. In addition, steps must be taken to avoid priming the systemic adaptive immuneresponse. This period is the duration over which our own immuneresponse reaches a peak in its defence against an antigen. The effect of altering serum cortisol concentrations on the immuneresponse. However, some of the eggs that do not develop are still capable of stimulating the immuneresponse. Longevity in filarial nematodes has been linked to the ability of the parasite to evade the host's immuneresponse. There was no clear immuneresponse to the miniutrophin construct, which was part mouse and part human sequence. This raises the possibility that the expression of dystrophin following gene transfer might trigger a destructive immuneresponse against this 'neoantigen'. However, as the minidystrophin construct used was of human origin, such an immuneresponse was not surprising. The relationship between a tumour and the immuneresponse is dynamic, with immune cells striving to break through immunosuppressive barriers to eliminate the tumour. I am referring to immuneresponse, recognition, immune surveillance, immunologic learning, tolerance, foreign, repertoire, presentation, and of course the self. Their foreign proteins should elicit an immuneresponse in the female to attack and destroy them. Onchocerciasis modulates the immuneresponse to mycobacterial antigens. Following acute liver injury, the clinical manifestations and outcome of viral hepatitis are actually determined by the host immuneresponse. This suggests that, despite inhabiting the hostile environment of the bloodstream these protozoan parasites successfully evade the host immuneresponse, leading to chronic infections. This lack of correlation suggests that beetles are unable to initiate an immuneresponse to re-infection during the course of the trial. Thus, since there is a high correlation between ongoing immune responses and low degrees of physical well-being, the immuneresponse cannot be adaptive. The route of vaccination may also affect the type of immuneresponse. These examples are from corpora and from sources on the web. Any opinions in the examples do not represent the opinion of the Cambridge Dictionary editors or of Cambridge University Press or its licensors. |
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