| 词汇 | example_english_harmonic |
| 释义 | Examples of harmonicThese examples are from corpora and from sources on the web. Any opinions in the examples do not represent the opinion of the Cambridge Dictionary editors or of Cambridge University Press or its licensors. Figure 2 illustrates a series of monan operations applied to the amplitude envelopes of the harmonics of a sung vocal 'ah' sound. The necessary time averages in equation (6) are easily computed making use of the orthogonality of the spherical harmonics. On the other hand, harmonics generated in a laser-plasma interaction may offer an alternative efficient method. However, for attosecond pulses, generation high order harmonics is implied. A shor t analysis of the different physical mechanisms giving rise to harmonics generation is presented. In the three figures the circular and triangular data points are relative to the 13 th and to the 5 th harmonics, respectively. There is another possibility that may help in harmonics generation with pulses longer than 100 fs. Even when the fundamental frequency is masked, it may be recovered from the pulse period and the surviving harmonics. The nonlinear interaction between harmonics generates a mean flow outside the dissipative layer. In nonlinear theory, however, the mean values of perturbations can be non-zero owing to the interaction of the different harmonics. We can easily find the 0 particle pitch angle for which the number of the cyclotron harmonics contributing to (2.11) is maximum. In general, the localization regions of different longitudinal harmonics overlap. The same is true for and hence the source term in (1) generates just odd harmonics. Owing to this effect, one can say that the modulational interactions keeping the harmonics together always increase the damping. The actual pattern that develops will be a sum of these two components and all other higher harmonics. All the harmonics are thus resonant, which reflects the formation of weak shocks. Further improvements in conversion efficiency will require systematic study of the influence of the various laser parameters on ablation harmonics. In this case, the harmonics are emitted from the singly charged ions as well as from the weak contribution of doubly charged ions. Back at the computer, they engaged with harmonics, envelope, time stretching, echo and panning. As a result, the harmonics, especially near the cut-off, will increase nonlinearly in intensity, thus helping the detection of these harmonics. However, in these studies, the intensity of neighboring harmonics was comparable to the enhanced harmonics. Under such plasma conditions, we could obtain the maximum conversion efficiency and the highest cut-off energy for the high-order harmonics. Limpouch et al. harmonics on the rear side of the spherical target is comparable to that on the front side due to laser diffraction. However, after optimization of experimental conditions we were able to observe very stable generation of high-order harmonics without the necessity of changing the target position. Efficient extreme uv harmonics generated from picosecond laser pulse interactions with solid targets. Generation of high-order harmonics using laser-produced rare-gas-like ions. Short-pulse laser harmonics from oscillating plasma surfaces driven at relativistic intensity. Electromagnetic emission at the plasma frequency vp and its harmonics nvp has been studied. The corresponding wavelength is infinite and the frequency is the ion cyclotron frequency or one of its harmonics. Thus, depending on the intensity and polarization, harmonics of the fundamental frequency can appear in the resulting ponderomotive force. Figure 2 shows the real and imaginary parts of the frequency as functions of the ion drift speed, for various harmonics. Since 0, can only have even harmonics in time, all the odd time harmonics of 1 are not needed to compute q from (4.14). Second-order interactions between the harmonics generated at first-order and the fundamental reproduce the fundamental besides generating further lower and higher harmonics. 0, does not emit even harmonics due to parity and symmetry considerations. Dominance of the even harmonics results from the motion in the longitudinal direction induced by the magnetic field. One of the main consequences, in the strong-laser-field case, is the presence of true even harmonics of the incoming field. Figure 1 shows that the intensity of the observed third harmonics has a pronounced maximum for 5-ps delay. According to the theoretical models based on the critical sur face processes, p-polarized radiation is much more efficient for harmonics generation than the s-polarized one. 891 ciable amplitude, the waveform is well fit by a sinusoid, higher harmonics are undetectable, and concurrently, the plot of amplitude versus modulation is linear. The sweeps obtained by onset0offset presentation were reconstructed using all harmonics and those obtained with pattern reversal presentation were reconstructed using solely the even harmonics. Moreover, tests of individual harmonics against zero are potentially more sensitive than tests between conditions. We initially studied various targets to identify promising materials that show the enhancement of specific harmonics in the plateau region. In the cutoff region, the divergence of the harmonics was observed to decrease, as does the integral of the line. Firstly, both solutions provide an interesting model of how higher harmonics are produced in a wave as it propagates. The difference becomes very large for the high harmonics. Plots such as figure 6 only show the amplitude behaviour of the harmonics and do not give any information about their relative phases. Strong dips are present in the coherence spectrum at the line frequencies and all higher harmonics. The interaction of this mode with itself and its higher harmonics is identical to that described above in detail for the subharmonic case. We find that the emitted spectrum from single-atom, pumped by a few-cycles pulse, appears with no recognizable harmonics peaks. We see a sequence of odd harmonics with diminishing contribution. The oscillating ponderomotive force also generates third harmonics due to the steep profile in overdense regions. Using self-generated harmonics as a diagnostic of high intensity laserproduced plasmas. High-order harmonics (up to the 59th order) and prolonged plateau pattern were observed during these studies. However, the energy of typical gas harmonics is limited, because of low conversion efficiency. The repetition of the harmonics in measure 2 helps us to hear a downbeat despite the tied note in the bass. The second and higher harmonics show up in the late stage of propagation. Consequently, the first two terms in the expansion of the electron distribution function in spherical harmonics in velocity space are proved to be adequate. Even harmonics only appear in the spectrum if we relax the constraint of normal incidence. However, here one does not make any truncation of the higher spatial harmonics, nor make any other approximation. The sound of the clarinet is often described as having a nasal timbre, and this has much to do with the fifth and seventh harmonics. The spectrum of the acoustic output from a single reed, such as that which excites the clarinet acoustically, will consist of all harmonics being present. The first results in a series of harmonics relative to a chosen fixed fundamental with variable amplitudes and frequencies. In general, dynamics are proportional to the duration of the rhythmic cycle: the lower harmonics with longer durations are also louder. Several harmonics are present on the frequency support of the analysing function, yielding strong oscillations. The phenomenology inherent to this problem is very rich as additional harmonics come into play and cause sizeable effects. We show that the nonlinear interaction of harmonics in the dissipative layer generates a shear mean flow outside the dissipative layer. We also show that the nonlinear interaction of harmonics in the dissipative layer is responsible for generating a parallel mean flow outside the dissipative layer. The higher harmonics and their interactions were not significant. Because or their high fundamental frequencies, women and children have few harmonics in the region of the first formant. On page four, for example, there is a reference to the topic of harmonics under the section on 'audio frequency'. To do this, each harmonic's amplitude envelope results from multiplying the previous harmonic's amplitude envelope by the original amplitude envelope. The tones have large slow fluctuations and small fast fluctuations in the noise in the amplitudes of the harmonics. The first is the highly efficient generation of high-order harmonics using ablation medium. The use of solid target ablation for high harmonics generation has several advantages compared to gas jets for example, simplicity, gas saving, no differential pumping!. Currently, intensity enhancement of single harmonics has been limited to low- to middle-orders. We noted a saturation of the high-order harmonics when the main pump laser intensity was high. The prepulse of 2nd harmonics of iodine laser had a circular focus with radius of 100 mm. The open symbols show the amplitude of the second harmonics. Open symbols show the amplitude of the second harmonics. The template-matching method uses information contained in first, second, and higher harmonics. Thus, evoked brain responses to direction reversals should appear in the even harmonics of the fundamental frequency. The figure indicates that in adults, there are far fewer differences between the displays than are present for the harmonics of the flow-related response. With ultra-short laser pulses, nonlinearities associated with relativistic effects can provide a source for the generation of coherent radiation at harmonics of the laser frequency. The heavily damped modes transfer their damping to other harmonics and to the cavity as a whole. The process is thus not the long-known one of the production of harmonics by non-linearity. All other spherical harmonics do not contribute to the expressions for the velocities. The wave amplitude is assumed small enough that only the first few harmonics are important. In the higher intensity, the higher harmonics appear earlier. Chapter three comprises all you could ever want to know (and probably plenty you didn't want to know!) about spherical harmonics. Pitches that exceed the piano's tessitura hover, canopy-like, over the resonance: phantom pitches produced through the interaction of harmonics. The timbre will also vary over time if the magnitude response is not flat, since the harmonics of the signal will attenuate at different rates. In the hot winds, they screamed their overblown upper harmonics, activated by the wind's force and the over-dried strings. The number and length of strings will affect the loudness and range of harmonics between the strings. The amplitudes of the harmonics in the original spectra of many of these instruments are extremely unstable. We used one group for the second and third harmonics, and another group for all the higher harmonics. The joystick controlled the relative values of the three harmonics. Finally, the three sets of harmonics are differentiated from one another by their patterns of fluctuation. They also provided the first models of the shape of the ribosome and its subunits based on spherical harmonics. These examples are from corpora and from sources on the web. Any opinions in the examples do not represent the opinion of the Cambridge Dictionary editors or of Cambridge University Press or its licensors. |
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