| 词汇 | example_english_forage |
| 释义 | Examples of forageThese examples are from corpora and from sources on the web. Any opinions in the examples do not represent the opinion of the Cambridge Dictionary editors or of Cambridge University Press or its licensors. Furthermore, young colonies foraged on a smaller spatial scale with shorter distances covered and fewer leaf sources used. Termites were lightly coated with vegetable oil to attract a wide variety of foraging ants in the leaf-litter community. The integration of livestock into the farm operation can increase the use of forages and allow for herbicide use reduction31. However, rhizomatous perennial forages can be very long lived13, indicating that rhizomatous perennial grains may be a reasonable solution to the problem of stand thinning. Climatic determinants of diet and foraging behaviour in baboons. They noted the high labour costs of utilizing crop residues and sown or harvested forages for penned animals, and the alternative uses of crop residues. Tanniferous forages for which the palatability index exceeds 100% are more palatable to wethers than the control. Comparative foraging success of insectivorous birds in tropical and temperate forest: ecological implications. Trade-offs between foraging and predation risks determine habitat use in a desert baboon population. Feeding behaviour and foraging strategies of captive phyllostomid fruit bats: an experimental study. Consequently, we used month as a sample unit to examine morphological differences between foraged vs. un-foraged fruits. Thus, plant species which produce large numbers of fruits appear to promote group foraging during the latter hours of the night. Comparative foraging behavior of six stingless bee species exploiting a standardized resource. Differences in home range size and foraging strategies may explain why understorey fruit bat species are more sensitive to fragmentation than canopy ones. Our goal is to determine how home range, foraging behaviour, and colony demography are affected by resource availability. The orchid's fauna consisted almost entirely of web-building spiders, who can rely on self-made structures for a living, and ants, which were probably foraging workers. Alternative methods involve censusing foraging bees at natural o r artificial resources. Seasonal variation of foraging niches in a guild of passerine birds in a cork-oak woodland. We did not find much seasonal variation in foraging ecology when we analysed our data at the species or at the community levels. Hence, only 28 species (936 individuals) were used to evaluate seasonal differences in the use of foraging niches of each separate species. Comparative foraging success of insectivorous birds in tropical and temperate forests: ecological implications. Values expressed as proportions of the total number of foraging observations per species. I t tended to affect bats foraging in highly cluttered space less than those of more open habitats. Timing of foraging flights of three species of bats in relation to insect activity and predation risk. Trade-offs between foraging and predation risk determine habitat use in a desert baboon population. We compared the efficiency of foraging habit of one of the major pollinators in effecting pollination. To be counted, birds had to be actively foraging either within 2 m of the front of the swarm, or in the army ant swarm. The effect of foraging army ants on leaf-litter arthropods. Plot-scale examination of foraging provides additional evidence of interspecific interaction. In order to avoid aerial predators, susceptible birds may concentrate their time foraging lower in the vegetative strata. The foraging itinerary of spider monkeys: when to eat leaves? Females, by contrast, stayed away from the roost throughout the night, irrespective of the foraging distance they travelled. Both male and female bats foraged locally, within approximately 1 km of their roost sites. Characterization of the spatial aspects of foraging mycelial cord systems using fractal geometry. Location and behavioral effects of lectin binding on entomopathogenic nematodes with different foraging strategies. Mixed species foraging flocks of avian insectivores are a consistent and worldwide phenomenon in forest habitats. However, in the long run directional preferences of foraging become increasingly apparent. Whenever foraging primates were encountered, the fruit species being consumed and the treatment of the seed (swallowed, dropped, destroyed) was recorded. The contribution of learning and digestive regulation are not dealt with, nor are evolutionary issues ranging from dietary requirements to foraging specializations. Each farmer's plot was divided into equal parts and each subplot was planted with one of the forages. They demonstrated this for artificial agents foraging in a simulated environment composed of edible and poisonous mushrooms. There is no evidence for human-like foraging systems or social groups (the probable absence of speech would itself obviate the latter). Animals may be more likely to specialize in cases where practice of particular foraging methods leads to greater foraging efficiency. The effective sampling area used in this study represents a translation coefficient between station catch and the density of foraging termites inside in-ground tunnels. Changes in foraging behaviour during the infective stage of entomopathogenic nematodes. In addition, the stability of net returns across years is greater for rotations that include forages, which may reduce income variability and business risk11. Stabilizing agricultural energy needs: role of forages, rotations, and nitrogen fixation. However, another 40% said they would be 'somewhat willing', and 20% of respondents said they would be 'very willing' to add forages. In contrast, alfalfa and other forages planted in rotation with corn and soybeans offer non-chemical means of controlling weeds. Recent experiments with tanniferous forages administered to sheep and goats infected with gastrointestinal nematodes yielded promising results3. The solution proposed here is inspired by ant foraging behaviour; mobile agents, representing ants, permanently roam the network performing management tasks. The approach uses the stigmergy mechanism, it is an ant-like based approach (foraging behaviour). A classification scheme for foraging behavior of birds in terrestrial habitats. In 13 cases (37%) birds were foraging on the ground, while in the remaining 22 cases (63%) birds were foraging in the canopy. As in previous studies, intersexual differences in foraging patterns were found; more interestingly, intrasexual differences were found between alternative male mating strategies. The effects of foraging ants on arboreal insect herbivores in an undisturbed woodland savanna. 110 for studying the influence of fruit pulp on the foraging behaviour of rodents. The role of foraging territories and trails, and environmental patchiness. Smaller colonies generally foraged in straight lines from the nest, whereas mature colonies frequently changed directions. Within these foraging sectors, trails were typically ephemeral and highly variable in space and time. Individual complexity and self-organization in foraging by leaf-cutting ants. Samples of non-food fruits were obtained when monkeys were foraging and broke off a piece of the branch. Seed dispersal by ants: are seed preferences influenced by foraging strategies or historical constraints? If seed predators have a relatively large foraging area, then the 1-m2 plots would not be an ecologically relevant spatial unit. Seasonal variation of foraging ecology at the species and guild level. Despite this, the observed variation of lipid content is apparently important, as indicated by foraging effort, to at least three frugivorous species. However, despite its dry-season significance, foraging intensity by fungus growers as a group is typically highest in the wet season. Indirect facilitation of granivorous birds by desert rodents: experimental evidence from foraging patterns. The response to fragmentation was influenced by the foraging strategy of the bat species: understorey frugivores were more affected than canopy frugivores. Finally, we used chi-square tests to examine the occurrence of grouped seeds (typical when bats re-use foraging roosts) vs. single seeds among sites. The nutritional consequences of foraging in primates: the relationship of nutrient intakes to nutrient requirements. Bats foraging near the platform were also caught directly by hand as they alighted on the inflorescences. The viewing conditions in these laboratory experiments of course represent only a highly stylized version of what monkeys face while foraging in natural environments. Numbers of inflorescences and flowers visited were recorded as was the duration of each foraging bout. Attributes of lizard-eating species suggest that social feeding can contribute importantly to diet composition and not only to foraging success. With the decrease in temperature (and correspondingly lowered metabolic rates) with altitudinal increase, it is likely that foraging becomes energetically expensive. In that study, females chose to feed at higher light levels than males when foraging for "nongreen" food. In addition, the latter authors reported that larvae of both species showed distinct diel foraging patterns in relation to light intensity. Benefits to satellite members in mixed-species foraging groups: an experimental analysis. Along with citreoline trogons, they also spent the greatest time foraging there. Migrants were not observed to defend territories; rather, most were foraging in the canopy in large mixed species flocks. The researcher then forages in the library, locates the articles, photocopies them, and takes them to his home or office. Moreover, we doubt that putting a baby down would substantially increase foraging efficiency. In this manner, a better understanding of factors influencing the foraging behaviour of insects in nature can be reached. A change in response may be the result of changes in the foraging behaviour as temperature varies. We believe our observations are representative of foraging behaviour within the first portion of each stage. However, honey bees or alfalfa leafcutting bees were seen actively foraging in the soybean plots. As described earlier, some foraging bands maintain norms of widespread meat sharing, contingent on the contribution of some meaningful productive work that may benefit others. Finally, there is some confusion among the commentators regarding whether individual learning under different ecological conditions could account for foraging specialisations in bottlenose dolphins. In fact, given sufficient dopamine depletion, the researcher might abandon foraging (such as would be constituted by his reading of the articles) altogether. The subsistence or foraging economy is described with a precise and experienced insight. The behavior exhibited in these experiments goes to the heart of the empirical reasonableness of foraging only models. In this domain, however, although foraging algorithms continue to play a role, they often take a back seat to the influence of other predispositions. The emphasis on constraints presupposes that the basic, universal, species typical behavioral predispositions of humans are foraging only. Two pairs of cooperating farms were land/feedcoupled, selling and purchasing forages slightly below market prices. Differences between quality components at harvest and feeding for the other forages were less, and differences among quality components were less consistent. Swathed forages were sampled near the time they were swathed or harvested. When sampled with a kick net, the only organisms found in significant abundance at this marine foraging site were amphipods. They typically foraged from the ground-level to the midstorey strata, and fed on invertebrate prey averaging from 3.3 to 17.2 mm in length. These examples are from corpora and from sources on the web. Any opinions in the examples do not represent the opinion of the Cambridge Dictionary editors or of Cambridge University Press or its licensors. |
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